Types of Rolled Roofing: Comprehensive Guide to Choosing the Right Roof
Rolled roofing remains a popular and cost-effective option for low-slope roofs, such as those found on sheds, garages, and some residential buildings. Understanding the different types of rolled roofing products available helps homeowners and contractors select the best material to suit durability, climate, and budget needs. This article provides an in-depth look at the most common types of rolled roofing, their features, installation methods, and advantages.
| Type of Rolled Roofing | Main Material | Typical Thickness | Common Uses | Key Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asphalt-Saturated Felt | Felt Paper with Asphalt | 15-30 lbs per square | Underlayment, Temporary Roofs | Inexpensive, Easy to Install |
| Mineral-Surfaced Rolled Roofing | Asphalt with Mineral Granules | Approx. 1/8 inch | Sheds, Garages, Low-Slope Roofs | Durable, UV Resistant |
| Rubberized Asphalt Rolled Roofing | Rubberized Asphalt | Flexible Thin Membrane | Waterproofing, Repairs | High Flexibility, Waterproof |
| Modified Bitumen Rolled Roofing | Asphalt Enhanced with Polymers | Varies | Commercial and Residential Low-Slope Roofs | Improved Elasticity, Longevity |
What Is Rolled Roofing?
Rolled roofing is a roofing material that comes in large rolls rather than individual shingles or tiles. It is typically made from asphalt-saturated base materials that are coated or surfaced with granules or polymers for protection. Rolled roofing is quickly applied by unrolling it across a roof’s surface, making it a fast and affordable solution for certain low-pitch roofs. It is especially common on outbuildings, garages, and flat-roof extensions.
Asphalt-Saturated Felt Roofing
One of the most basic forms of rolled roofing, asphalt-saturated felt, is primarily used as an underlayment beneath other roofing products but can also serve as a temporary roofing solution.
- Composition: Made from layers of paper or fiberglass felt soaked in asphalt.
- Advantages: Very affordable and easy to handle.
- Limitations: Not highly durable for long-term exposure; prone to wear under UV rays.
This type of rolled roofing typically comes in weights such as 15-pound or 30-pound felt, indicating the thickness and durability. It is best suited for use beneath more durable roofing systems rather than as a standalone solution.
Mineral-Surfaced Rolled Roofing
Mineral-surfaced rolled roofing is one of the most common rolled roofing products for small residential and outbuilding roofs. It’s similar to asphalt shingles but rolled out in large sheets.
- Composition: Asphalt saturated base coated with mineral granules on the surface.
- Durability: Typically lasts between 5 and 10 years.
- Appearance: Granules provide UV protection and aesthetic appeal, resembling traditional shingles.
- Usage: Often used on garages, garden sheds, and porches.
This type of rolled roofing can be installed easily with roofing nails or adhesive, making it a popular choice for DIY projects and low-budget roofing replacements.
Rubberized Asphalt Rolled Roofing
Rubberized asphalt rolled roofing provides superior flexibility and waterproofing. This variant is often used for roof repairs and waterproofing membranes.
- Composition: Mixture of asphalt combined with rubber compounds for elasticity.
- Advantages: Highly flexible and adheres well to irregular surfaces.
- Waterproofing: Exceptional water resistance, ideal for flat roofs or areas prone to pooling water.
It is generally self-adhesive or can be installed with compatible adhesives or heat, eliminating the need for mechanical fasteners in some cases.
Modified Bitumen Rolled Roofing
Modified bitumen is a modern and more advanced form of rolled roofing, designed for durability and longevity on commercial and residential low-slope roofs.
- Material Composition: Asphalt enhanced with polymers like APP (Atactic Polypropylene) or SBS (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene).
- Enhanced Features: Improved elasticity, UV resistance, and resistance to temperature fluctuations.
- Installation: Can be applied using heat-welding, cold adhesives, or self-adhesive formats.
- Longevity: Lasts 15 to 20 years depending on quality and environmental conditions.
Modified bitumen roofing provides a balance between the ease of rolled roofing application and the durability of built-up roofing systems.
Comparing Rolled Roofing Materials: Key Factors
| Type | Durability | Cost | Installation Ease | Best Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asphalt Felt | Low (1-3 years exposed) | Low | Very Easy | Underlayment, temporary |
| Mineral-Surfaced | Moderate (5-10 years) | Low to Moderate | Easy | Garages, sheds, low-budget roofs |
| Rubberized Asphalt | High (up to 10 years) | Moderate | Moderate | Repairs, waterproofing |
| Modified Bitumen | High (15-20 years) | Moderate to High | Moderate | Commercial & residential flat roofs |
Installation Considerations for Rolled Roofing
While rolled roofing is generally easier to install than other roofing types, proper preparation and installation techniques significantly impact lifespan and performance.
- Surface Preparation: Roof decks must be clean, dry, and free of wrinkles or sharp objects.
- Adhesive and Fasteners: Choose appropriate fasteners and adhesives suitable for the material and climate.
- Overlap and Sealing: Overlap seams adequately and seal edges to prevent water infiltration.
- Professional Help: Consider hiring roofing professionals for modified bitumen installations that require heat welding.
Environmental and Weather Considerations
Different rolled roofing types perform variably under diverse environmental conditions:
- UV Exposure: Mineral granules protect against UV damage better than plain felt.
- Temperature Fluctuations: Modified bitumen with polymers adapts better to expansion and contraction in hot and cold climates.
- Moisture Resistance: Rubberized asphalt excels in waterproofing flat roofs prone to standing water.
Cost Comparison and Lifespan Expectations
| Type | Approximate Cost per Square Foot | Average Lifespan |
|---|---|---|
| Asphalt Felt | $0.10 – $0.30 | 1-3 Years (exposed) |
| Mineral-Surfaced | $0.50 – $1.00 | 5-10 Years |
| Rubberized Asphalt | $0.75 – $1.25 | 8-10 Years |
| Modified Bitumen | $1.25 – $3.00 | 15-20 Years |
Maintenance Tips for Rolled Roofing
Maintaining a rolled roof extends its functional life and prevents costly repairs.
- Regular Inspections: Check for tears, bubbles, or loose edges twice a year and after storms.
- Clean Debris: Remove leaves and dirt that may trap moisture.
- Prompt Repairs: Address minor tears or punctures with roofing cement or patches to prevent leaks.
- Professional Evaluation: Schedule roofing professional assessments for comprehensive maintenance.
Summary
Rolled roofing offers a versatile and economical option for various roofing needs, especially on low-slope structures. From basic asphalt felt underlayments to advanced modified bitumen systems, understanding the differences helps in choosing the right product for durability, weather resistance, and budget. Proper installation and maintenance are critical to maximize performance and lifespan of these roofing materials.